Aggregate

Credibility’s definition as actors’ aggregate perception of institutions as a collective arrangement essentially entails that it is not about the individual actor’s acceptance of a rule. By contrast, credibility is associated with an actor’s expectation about other actors’ abidance by that rule. It can be inferred from this that secure, democratic, and participatory institutions are not necessarily implicitly credible. Contrarily, neither are insecure, autocratic, and (semi-) authoritarian institutional arrangements, by definition, non-credible or meaningless.” P. Ho (2017), Unmaking China’s Development, Cambridge University Press, p. 111